Aleksander Moisiu

Aleksander Moisiu
	; Aleksander Moisiu (1920-yil)
Tavalludi	Aleksander Moisiu; 2-aprel 1879-yil; Triyest, Avstriya-Vengriya imperiyasi
Vafoti	22-mart 1935-yil ; (55 yoshda); Vena, Avstriya
Fuqaroligi	Avstriya
Kasbi	Aktyor
Faoliyat yillari	1899–1935-yillar
Turmush oʻrtogʻi	Mariya Moisiu
Bolalari	Beate Moisiu
Imzosi

Aleksandr Moisui (1879-yil 2-aprel — 1935-yil 22-mart^[1]) — asli kelib chiqishi alban boʻlgan avstriyalik aktyor.

Hayoti

Moisiu Triyest shahrida tugʻilgan^[1] boʻlib, uning oilasi boy alban zodagonlaridan boʻlishgan. Uning oilasini daromadi asosan neft va bugʻdoy savdosidan boʻlgan. Uning onasi Ameliya de Rada, florensiyalik shifokorning qizi boʻlgan.^[2]

Uning bolaligi Triyest, Durres va Grats shaharlarida oʻtgan, bundan soʻng 20 yoshli Aleksander onasi va ikkita singlisi bilan Venaga joylashganlar^[3]. U Hofferburg drama-teatriga ishga joylashish uchun ariza bergan, ammo uning italyancha aksenti tufayli rad etilgan.

Kainzning qoʻllab-quvvatlashlari bilan Moisui 20-asr boshlarida aktyor sifatida karyerasi boshlangan. 1903-yil Paragvaydagi opera teatrida soʻngra keyingi faoliyatini Berlindagi teatrdagi ansambda davom ettirgan, u yerda rejissyor Max Reinhardtning qoʻlida ishlagan^[4].

U Rudolph Schildkraut bilan birgalikda Shekspirning The Merchant of Venicening Reinhardtning sahnalashtirgan pyesasida bosh qahramonni ijro etgan, Moisiu va Reinhardt boshchiligidagi ansambl 1911-yilda Rossiyaga tashrif buyurgan va dramaturg Anatoliy Lunacharskiy tomonidan sahnalashtirilgan Sofoklning Oedipus pyesasisida qatnashishgan. Yevropa va Amerika boʻylab gastrollarga sabab boʻlgan va uni mashhur qilgan rollardan biri bu Tolstoyning Jivoy trup pyesasida Fedya roli hisoblanadi . 1914-yilda Moisiu Birinchi jahon urushida qatnashish uchun nemis fuqaroligini olgan va 1918—19-yilgi nemis inqilobida marksistlarning Spartacus Leaguesiga qoʻshilgan.

1920-yilda u Salzburg festivalida Hugo von Hofmannsthal tomonidan sahnalashtirgan The Somonyng of Everyman nomli pyesada Jedermann rolini oʻynagan. U 1933-yilda Germaniyadan chiqib ketgan va Albaniya qiroli Zog tomonidan Albaniya fuqaroligiga ega boʻlgan.

Aleksandr Moisui 1935-yil 22-mart kuni Venada zotiljamdan vafot etgan^[5] Uning jasadi Feuerhalle Simmeringda krematsiya qilingan va kullari Shveysariyadagi Lugano koʻli atrofidagi Morcote qabristoniga koʻmilgan^[6].

Filmlarda ishtiroki

1906-yilda Berlindagi teatrda ishlagan paytlari Moisui Ibsen tomonidan Ghosts spektaklida Oswald rolini, shuning Wedekind tomonidan sahnalashtirilgan Spring Awakening spektaklidagi rollari bilan mashhur boʻlgan. Hamlet, Odipus, Faust va boshqa koʻplab spektakllarning asosiy rollarda oʻynagan. Berlindagi teatrdagi faoliyatidan soʻng, u Vena Volkstheater va Josefstadt teatrlarida faoliyatini davom ettiradi. Asosiy rollarini teatrda ijro etgan boʻlsada, u 1910-yildan 1935-yilgacha oʻnlab filmlarda ishtirok etgan, ulardan yettitasi ovozsiz film boʻlgan, eng mashhurlaridan bir The Student of Prague (1913-yil) filmi hisoblanadi^[7].

Moisui nasroniy boʻlishiga qaramay kelib chiqish yahudiy hisoblangan. Germaniyada antisemitizm kuchaygan paytda yahudiy aktyorlar bilan doʻstona munosabatda boʻlishmaydi^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11]. Moisui oʻsha paytlardagi nemis matbuoti tanqidchilariga yahudiylarni taʼqib qilishdan voz kechishga undaganligi uchun qattiq tanqid qilingan^[8].

Merosi

Berlin, Salzburg va Venadagi bir qancha koʻchalarga Aleksandr Moisui nomi berilgan, 2005-yilda unga atalgan yodgorlik majmuasi ochilgan. Albaniyada u alban aktyori sifatida katta hurmatga ega. Uning sharafiga Tirana Musiqa va sanʼat akademiyasi drama maktabi, shuningdek, Tirana universiteti va Durres shahri teatrlari ham Aleksander Moisiu sharafiga nomlangan.

Otasining tugʻilgan shahri Kavajeda oʻrta maktabi va mahalliy teatr ham uning nomi bilan atalgan. 1995-yilda Albaniyada vafotining 60 yilligi munosabati bilan Aleksander Moisui fondi tashkil qilingan.

Havolalar

Manbalar

↑ ^1,0 ^1,1 Elis, Robert. Historical Dictionary of Albania. Scarecrow Press, 2010-yil 19-mart — 309-bet. ISBN 978-0-8108-6188-6. Qaraldi: 2013-yil 1-noyabr.
↑ Schaper, Ryudiger. Moisui (Nemis). Argon Verlag, 2000 — 42-bet. ISBN 9783870245139. Qaraldi: 2013-yil 1-noyabr.
↑ Elis, Robert. Historical Dictionary of Albania. Scarecrow Press, 2010-yil 19-mart — 309–310-bet. ISBN 978-0-8108-6188-6. Qaraldi: 2013-yil 1-noyabr.
↑ Elsie, Robert. Historical Dictionary of Albania. Scarecrow Press, 19 March 2010 — 310-bet. ISBN 978-0-8108-6188-6. Qaraldi: 2013-yil 1-noyabr.
↑ Archiv der Erzdiözese Wien. Katholische Kirchenbücher; Pfarre: Weinhaus; Signatur: 9164. Sterbebuch der Pfarre Weinhaus vom Jahre 1935, No. 59. He died at the Cottage-Sanatorium für Nerven- und Stoffwechselkranke, Sternwartestrasse 74
↑ Elsie, Robert. Historical Dictionary of Albania. Scarecrow Press, 19 March 2010 — 310-bet. ISBN 978-0-8108-6188-6. Qaraldi: 2013-yil 1-noyabr.
↑ Elsie, Robert. Historical Dictionary of Albania. Scarecrow Press, 19 March 2010 — 310-bet. ISBN 978-0-8108-6188-6. Qaraldi: 2013-yil 1-noyabr.
↑ ^8,0 ^8,1 The Jacobean: „Alexander Moissi, Non-Jewish Actor, Indicts Christian World for its Persecution of the Jew“, ufdc.ufl.edu, 4 December 1931 (page 5); "As a Christian, states Moissi, he cannot stand by and see the virus of anti-semitism infect Christian people, nations, and states, robbing them of all semblance of humanity and justice."
↑ Lisa Silverman. Becoming Austrians: Jews and Culture between the World Wars: „Although actor Alexander Moissi was not Jewish, many assumed he was because of his name…“
↑ Bernad Shaw’s Letters to Siegfried Trebitsch; „In February, 'Too Trueʼ opened in Manheim with Alexander Moissi (not a Jew) in the leading role and was disrupted by Nazi shouts of 'Jew Moissi', 'Jew Shaw' until police intervened.“
↑ Jews and the Making of Modern German Theatre (edited by Jeanette R. Malkin & Freddie Rokem) page 76|"The appeal and success of some non-Jewish foreign actors among German audiences, however, was due at least in part to their foreignness. Such was the case with star actor Alexander Moissi, whose German was tinged with an „Italian singsong, which fascinated many.“

[HDA-1] 1,0 ^1,1 Elis, Robert. Historical Dictionary of Albania. Scarecrow Press, 2010-yil 19-mart — 309-bet. ISBN 978-0-8108-6188-6. Qaraldi: 2013-yil 1-noyabr.

[2] Schaper, Ryudiger. Moisui (Nemis). Argon Verlag, 2000 — 42-bet. ISBN 9783870245139. Qaraldi: 2013-yil 1-noyabr.

[3] Elis, Robert. Historical Dictionary of Albania. Scarecrow Press, 2010-yil 19-mart — 309–310-bet. ISBN 978-0-8108-6188-6. Qaraldi: 2013-yil 1-noyabr.

[4] Elsie, Robert. Historical Dictionary of Albania. Scarecrow Press, 19 March 2010 — 310-bet. ISBN 978-0-8108-6188-6. Qaraldi: 2013-yil 1-noyabr.

[5] Archiv der Erzdiözese Wien. Katholische Kirchenbücher; Pfarre: Weinhaus; Signatur: 9164. Sterbebuch der Pfarre Weinhaus vom Jahre 1935, No. 59. He died at the Cottage-Sanatorium für Nerven- und Stoffwechselkranke, Sternwartestrasse 74

[6] Elsie, Robert. Historical Dictionary of Albania. Scarecrow Press, 19 March 2010 — 310-bet. ISBN 978-0-8108-6188-6. Qaraldi: 2013-yil 1-noyabr.

[7] Elsie, Robert. Historical Dictionary of Albania. Scarecrow Press, 19 March 2010 — 310-bet. ISBN 978-0-8108-6188-6. Qaraldi: 2013-yil 1-noyabr.

[Jacobean-8] 8,0 ^8,1 The Jacobean: „Alexander Moissi, Non-Jewish Actor, Indicts Christian World for its Persecution of the Jew“, ufdc.ufl.edu, 4 December 1931 (page 5); "As a Christian, states Moissi, he cannot stand by and see the virus of anti-semitism infect Christian people, nations, and states, robbing them of all semblance of humanity and justice."

[9] Lisa Silverman. Becoming Austrians: Jews and Culture between the World Wars: „Although actor Alexander Moissi was not Jewish, many assumed he was because of his name…“

[10] Bernad Shaw’s Letters to Siegfried Trebitsch; „In February, 'Too Trueʼ opened in Manheim with Alexander Moissi (not a Jew) in the leading role and was disrupted by Nazi shouts of 'Jew Moissi', 'Jew Shaw' until police intervened.“

[11] Jews and the Making of Modern German Theatre (edited by Jeanette R. Malkin & Freddie Rokem) page 76|"The appeal and success of some non-Jewish foreign actors among German audiences, however, was due at least in part to their foreignness. Such was the case with star actor Alexander Moissi, whose German was tinged with an „Italian singsong, which fascinated many.“

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