Foydalanuvchi:Muhammadaziz8577/qumloq

Toshkent tarixi

Tarixda Choch nomi bilan mashhur bo'lgan Toshkent ( yoki Tashkent ) - shahri O'zbekistonning poytaxti va eng katta shahri. U Markaziy Osiyodagi aholisi eng ko'p bo'lgan shahar va uning aholisi 2,909,500 (2022) kishini tashkil qiladi. U O'zbekistonning shimoli-sharqiy qismida Qozog'iston bilan chegarasida joylashgan. Toshkent so'zi turkcha tash va kent so'zlaridan kelib chiqqan va "Toshlar shahri" degan ma'noni bildiradi.

Milodiy 8-asr o'rtalari Islom ta'siridan avvalat Toshkent Sug'diyona va Turkiya xalqlar ta'sirida bo'lgan. 1219-yilda Chingizxonning vayron qilishidan so'ng u Buyuk Ipak yo'li orqali qayta qurildi va yaxshilandi. 18-19-arslarga kelib, Qo'qon xonligi tomonidan qayta bosib olinishan oldin, shahar mustaqil shahar-davlatga aylangan edi. 1865-yilda, Toshkent Rassiya imperiyasiga taslim bo'ldi. U rus Turskitoninng poytaxti bo'ldi. Sovet davriga kelib, Sovet ittifoqi tasiriga qaramay, u katta o'sish va demografik o'zgarishlarga guvoh bo'lgan. Toshkentning katta qismi 1966-yildagi zilzila oqibatida buzilib ketgan lekin keyinchalik zamonaviy Sovet shahri sifatida qayta qurilgan edi. U o'sha vaqtda Sovet ittifoqining Maskva, Leningrad va Kiyv dan keyingi to'rtinchi o'rindagi katta shahri bo'lgan.

Bugun mustaqil O'zbekistonnig poytaxti sifatida Toshkent shahri o'zida ko'p millatli ahiloni jamlaydi (aholining asosiy qismini o'zbeklar tashkil qiladi). 2009-yilda u o'zining 2200 yillik tarixini nishonlagan.

Abdulazizkhan (Shaybani)

Abdulazizkhan (october, 1511 - 14th may, 1550) - from Shaybani. The son of Ubaydullakhan and governor of Khorezm (1538-39).

Abdulazizkhan was born in Arkuk in Turkestan region. His mother was kazakh and one of daughters of kazakh sultans. After his father Ubaydullakhan's death, in the country the daul power was arose and in Bukhara, Abdulazizkhan (1540-1551) and in Smarkand, the son of Ko'chkinchikhan Abdulatifkhan (1540-1551) became a khan.

During his reign, Abdulazizkhan carried out a number of reforms for the benefit of the state and the population, canceled some taxes (tax, tawfiri, etc.), began to surround Bukhara with a new defensive wall (it was completed by Abdullahkhan II and preserved until the beginning of the 20th century). In addition, he built a madrasa, a huge library, Toki Sarrophon and Guzar mosque in its bosom in Bukhara, and completely renovated Mag'oki Attori mosque. Bahauddin built a 2-story house (1544) in the shrine of Naqshband and surrounded Bahauddin's shrine with a hedge.

Abdulazizkhan was a patron of the people of science and poetry, a very pious person, a disciple of Sufism scholar - Sheikh Jalal (died in 1549). He was a benazir husnikhat owner, wrote ghazals under the nickname "Azizi".