Global isish kuchi

Global isish kuchi ( GIK ) bu issiqxona gazlari tomonidan atmosferaga qo'shilgan infraqizil termal nurlanishni ma'lum vaqt oralig'ida qancha qismi o'zlashtirishining o'lchov birligidir, bu birlik biror bir gazni bir xil og'irlikdagi karbonat angidrid tomonidan so'rilgan issiqlikka nisbatan xisoblab topiladi. GIK karbonat angidrid uchun 1 ga teng. Boshqa gazlar uchun bu birlik, ma'lum bir gaz infraqizil termal nurlanishni qanchalik kuchli yutishiga, gazning atmosferani qanchalik tez tark etishiga va hisobga olinadigan vaqtga bog'liq bo'ladi. Karbonat angidrid ekvivalenti ( CO e yoki CO ekvivalenti yoki CO -e) GIK dan hisob topiladi. Shunday qilib, u turli gazlarning iqlim ta'sirini o'lchash uchun umumiy shkala bo'lib hizmat qiladi.

Metanning GIK (20+ yil vaqt uchun hisoblangan) 81,2 ni tashkil qiladi, ya'ni, masalan, bir tonna metan sizib chiqishi 81,2 tonna karbonat angidridni chiqarishga teng. Xuddi shunday bir tonna azot oksidi, masalan,odatda go'ng yoki sholi dalalaridadan ajralib chiqadi, 273 tonna karbonat angidridga teng. Shuning uchun metan atmosferamizni karbinat angidriddan ko'ra 81.2 marta ko'proq isitadi, azot oksidi esa 273 marta ko'roq iqlim o'zgarishlariga sabab bo'ladi.

Issiqxona gazi	Kimyoviy formulasi	100-yillik Global isish kuchi (2007 estimates, for 2013–2020 comparisons)
Carbon dioxide	CO₂	1
Methane	CH₄	25
Nitrous oxide	N₂O	298
Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
HFC-23	CHF₃	14,800
Difluoromethane (HFC-32)	CH₂F₂	675
Fluoromethane (HFC-41)	CH₃F	92
HFC-43-10mee	CF₃CHFCHFCF₂CF₃	1,640
Pentafluoroethane (HFC-125)	C₂HF₅	3,500
HFC-134	C₂H₂F₄ (CHF₂CHF₂)	1,100
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a)	C₂H₂F₄ (CH₂FCF₃)	1,430
HFC-143	C₂H₃F₃ (CHF₂CH₂F)	353
1,1,1-Trifluoroethane (HFC-143a)	C₂H₃F₃ (CF₃CH₃)	4,470
HFC-152	CH₂FCH₂F	53
HFC-152a	C₂H₄F₂ (CH₃CHF₂)	124
HFC-161	CH₃CH₂F	12
1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea)	C₃HF7	3,220
HFC-236cb	CH₂FCF₂CF₃	1,340
HFC-236ea	CHF₂CHFCF₃	1,370
HFC-236fa	C₃H₂F₆	9,810
HFC-245ca	C₃H₃F₅	693
HFC-245fa	CHF₂CH₂CF₃	1,030
HFC-365mfc	CH₃CF₂CH₂CF₃	794
Perfluorocarbons
Carbon tetrafluoride – PFC-14	CF₄	7,390
Hexafluoroethane – PFC-116	C₂F₆	12,200
Octafluoropropane – PFC-218	C₃F₈	8,830
Perfluorobutane – PFC-3-1-10	C₄F₁₀	8,860
Octafluorocyclobutane – PFC-318	c-C₄F₈	10,300
Perfluouropentane – PFC-4-1-12	C₅F₁₂	9,160
Perfluorohexane – PFC-5-1-14	C₆F₁₄	9,300
Perfluorodecalin – PFC-9-1-18b	C₁₀F₁₈	7,500
Perfluorocyclopropane	c-C₃F₆	17,340
Sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆)
Sulfur hexafluoride	SF₆	22,800
Nitrogen trifluoride (NF₃)
Nitrogen trifluoride	NF₃	17,200
Fluorinated ethers
HFE-125	CHF₂OCF₃	14,900
Bis(difluoromethyl) ether (HFE-134)	CHF₂OCHF₂	6,320
HFE-143a	CH₃OCF₃	756
HCFE-235da2	CHF₂OCHClCF₃	350
HFE-245cb2	CH₃OCF₂CF₃	708
HFE-245fa2	CHF₂OCH₂CF₃	659
HFE-254cb2	CH₃OCF₂CHF₂	359
HFE-347mcc3	CH₃OCF₂CF₂CF₃	575
HFE-347pcf2	CHF₂CF₂OCH₂CF₃	580
HFE-356pcc3	CH₃OCF₂CF₂CHF₂	110
HFE-449sl (HFE-7100)	C₄F9OCH₃	297
HFE-569sf2 (HFE-7200)	C₄F9OC₂H₅	59
HFE-43-10pccc124 (H-Galden 1040x)	CHF₂OCF₂OC₂F₄OCHF₂	1,870
HFE-236ca12 (HG-10)	CHF₂OCF₂OCHF₂	2,800
HFE-338pcc13 (HG-01)	CHF₂OCF₂CF₂OCHF₂	1,500
	(CF₃)₂CFOCH₃	343
	CF₃CF₂CH₂OH	42
	(CF₃)₂CHOH	195
HFE-227ea	CF₃CHFOCF₃	1,540
HFE-236ea2	CHF₂OCHFCF₃	989
HFE-236fa	CF₃CH₂OCF₃	487
HFE-245fa1	CHF₂CH₂OCF₃	286
HFE-263fb2	CF₃CH₂OCH₃	11
HFE-329mcc2	CHF₂CF₂OCF₂CF₃	919
HFE-338mcf2	CF₃CH₂OCF₂CF₃	552
HFE-347mcf2	CHF₂CH₂OCF₂CF₃	374
HFE-356mec3	CH₃OCF₂CHFCF₃	101
HFE-356pcf2	CHF₂CH₂OCF₂CHF₂	265
HFE-356pcf3	CHF₂OCH₂CF₂CHF₂	502
HFE-365mcfI’ll t3	CF₃CF₂CH₂OCH₃	11
HFE-374pc2	CHF₂CF₂OCH₂CH₃	557
	– (CF₂)₄CH (OH) –	73
	(CF₃)₂CHOCHF₂	380
	(CF₃)₂CHOCH₃	27
Perfluoropolyethers
PFPMIE	CF₃OCF(CF₃)CF₂OCF₂OCF₃	10,300
Trifluoromethyl sulfur pentafluoride	SF₅CF₃	17,400

Global isish kuchini hisoblash

GIK quyidagi omillarga bog'liq:

ma'lum bir gaz tomonidan infraqizil nurlanishning yutilishi
ma'lum bir belgilangan vaqt (integratsiya davri)
gazning atmosferada qolish vaqti

Yuqori GIK katta infraqizil yutilish va uzoq atmosferada qolish vaqti bilan bog'liq. GWP ning yutilish to'lqin uzunligiga bog'liqligi ancha murakkab. Agar gaz ma'lum bir to'lqin uzunligida radiatsiyani samarali o'zlashtirsa ham, atmosfera shu to'lqin uzunligida eng ko'p nurlanishni usiz ham o'zlashtirsa, bu GIKga unchalik ham ta'sir qilmasligi mumkin. Agar gaz atmosfera yutmaydigan to'lqin uzunliklaridagi nurni yutsa, eng katta ta'sirga ega bo'ladi. GIK ning to'lqin uzunligiga bog'liqligi empirik tarzda topilgan va grafik sifatida nashr etilgan.

{\mathit {GIK}}\left(x\right)={\frac {a_{x}}{a_{r}}}{\frac {\int _{0}^{\mathit {TH}}[x](t)\,dt}{\int _{0}^{\mathit {TH}}[r](t)\,dt}}

↑ „The NOAA Annual Greenhouse Gas Index (AGGI)“. NOAA.gov. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) (2024). 2024-yil 5-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan.
↑ „Annual Greenhouse Gas Index“. U.S. Global Change Research Program. 2021-yil 21-aprelda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2020-yil 5-sentyabr.
↑ Butler J. and Montzka S. „The NOAA Annual Greenhouse Gas Index (AGGI)“. NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory/Earth System Research Laboratories (2020). 2013-yil 22-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2020-yil 5-sentyabr.

[NOAA_AGGI_2023-1] „The NOAA Annual Greenhouse Gas Index (AGGI)“. NOAA.gov. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) (2024). 2024-yil 5-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan.

[2] „Annual Greenhouse Gas Index“. U.S. Global Change Research Program. 2021-yil 21-aprelda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2020-yil 5-sentyabr.

[butmon-3] Butler J. and Montzka S. „The NOAA Annual Greenhouse Gas Index (AGGI)“. NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory/Earth System Research Laboratories (2020). 2013-yil 22-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2020-yil 5-sentyabr.

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