Lavanda moyi
Lavanda moyi — lavanda turkumiga mansub turlarning gul boshoqlaridan distillash orqali olingan efir moyi. Dunyo boʻylab turli xil hid va sifatlarga ega 400 dan ortiq lavanda turlari mavjud. Lavanda moyining ikki shakli ajralib turadi, lavanda gul yogʻi, rangsiz, suvda erimaydigan, zichligi 0,885 g/ml va lavanda boshoq moyi, Lavandula latifoliadan olingan, zichligi 0,905 g/ml.
Ishlab chiqarish
[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]Sof lavanda efir moyi bug‘ bilan distillash orqali ishlab chiqariladi[1][2]. Bu qutbli birikmalarning yoʻqotilishini kamaytirish hisobiga boshqa usullarga nisbatan koʻproq miqdorda moy hosil qiladi[3]. Lavanda gulining hosili odatda iyun oxiri va avgust oylari orasida yig‘iladi[4][1].
Lavanda moyi butun dunyoda ishlab chiqariladi, Bolgariya, Fransiya va Xitoy ishlab chiqarishda yetakchilik qiladi[5][6].
Foydalanish
[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]Qoʻshma Shtatlarda lavanda moyi maqsadli foydalanish uchun xavfsiz (GRAS) deb tan olingan[7]. Lavanda moyi parfyumeriya, aromaterapiyada ishlatilgan [8]. Ammo bu foydalanishning klinik foydasi yoʻq[9]. Lavanda moyi sababli allergik reaksiyalar paydo boʻlishi mumkin boʻlsa-da, massaj terapiyasida ishlatiladi[9]. Demansni davolash uchun lavanta yogʻini qoʻllashni qoʻllab-quvvatlaydigan yaxshi dalillar yoʻq[10]. Boshoqli lavanda yogʻi, asosan, distillangan turpentindan foydalanish paydo boʻlgunga qadar, moyli boʻyoqlarda erituvchi sifatida ishlatilgan[11].
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Mumkin boʻlgan salbiy taʼsirlar
[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]Koʻpgina efir moylari, shu jumladan lavanda moyi isteʼmol qilinsa, zaharli boʻlishi mumkin[12][13]. Umuman olganda, 5 millilitre (0.17 US fl oz) suyultirilgan efir moyi kattalarda zaharlanishga olib kelishi mumkin, 2–3 millilitre (0.068–0.101 US fl oz) bolalarda toksik boʻlishi mumkin[14]. 2014-18-yillar mobaynida Yangi Janubiy Uelsda lavanda yogʻi bilan zaharlanishning 271 ta holati qayd etilgan, bu barcha efir moylari bilan zaharlanish holatlarining 6,1 foizini tashkil qiladi[13]. Lavanda yogʻining asosiy toksik tarkibiy qismlari linalil asetat va linaloldir[12][15].
Lavanda yogʻi bilan zaharlanish belgilariga koʻrishning buzilishi, nafas olish qiyinlishuvi, tomoqdagi yonish ogʻrigʻi, koʻzning kuyishi, tartibsizlik, xotiraning pasayishi, diareya, oshqozon ogʻrigʻi, qusish va toshma kiradi[12]. Lavanda moyini topikal qoʻllash kontakt dermatitga olib kelishi mumkin[14].
Lavanta yogʻini isteʼmol qilinganda antikoagulyantlar, statinlar va antikonvülzanlar kabi retsept boʻyicha beriladigan dorilar bilan oʻzaro taʼsirlashishga olib kelishi mumkin[16].
Fitokimyoviy moddalar
[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
Lavanda yogʻining fitokimyoviy tarkibi turdan turga oʻzgarib turadi, asosan monoterpeneoid va sesquiterpeneoid spirtlaridan iborat[16]. Moy tarkibida linalool (20-35%) va linalil asetat (30-55%) ustunlik qiladi, oʻrtacha darajada lavandulil asetat, terpinen-4-ol va lavandulol, 1,8-sineol, kofur, limonen va taninlar bor[16]. Lavanda moyi odatda 100 dan ortiq birikmalarni oʻz ichiga oladi, ularning koʻpchiligi ahamiyatsiz juda kam miqdorda bo‘ladi[16][17].
| Oila | Tarkibi | Lavande officinale </br> Lavandula angustifolia |
Lavanda aspik </br> Lavandula latifolia |
|---|---|---|---|
| Terpenlar Monoterpenollar |  Linalool
|
28.92% | 49.47% |
| a-terpineol | 0,90% | 1,08% | |
| g-terpineol | 0,09% | ||
| Borneol | 1,43% | ||
| Izoborneol | 0,82% | ||
| Terpinen-4-ol | 4,32% | ||
| Nerol | 0,20% | ||
| Lavandulol | 0,78% | ||
| Terpenlar |  Linalil asetat
|
32.98% | |
| Geranil asetat | 0,60% | ||
| Neril asetat | 0,32% | ||
| Okten-3-il asetat | 0,65% | ||
| Lavandulil asetat | 4,52% | ||
| Terpenlar Monoterpenlar | Mirsen | 0,46% | 0,41% |
| a-Pinene | 0,54% | ||
| b-Pinene | 0,33% | ||
| Kampen | 0,30% | ||
| (E)-b- Otsimene | 3,09% | ||
| (Z)-b-oksimen | 4,44% | ||
| b — Phellandrene | 0,12% | ||
| Terpenlar Terpenoid oksidlari |  Evkaliptol
(1,8-sineol) |
25.91% | |
| Terpenlar Seskiterpenlar | b — karyofilin | 4,62% | 2,10% |
| b — Farnesene | 2,73% | ||
| Germakren | 0,27% | ||
| a- Humulen | 0,28% | ||
| Ketonlar |  Kofur
|
0,85% | 13.00% |
| 3-oktanon | 0,72% | ||
 Kripton
|
0,35% |
Manbalar
[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Lis-Balchin, Maria. Lavender: The Genus Lavandula (en). CRC Press, August 2002. ISBN 978-0-203-21652-1.
- ↑ Health (U.S.), National Institute of. Digest of Comments on The Pharmacopœia of the United States of America and on the National Formulary for the Calendar Year ... 1905-1922 (en). U.S. Government Printing Office, 1919.
- ↑ Masango, Phineas (2005-06-01). "Cleaner production of essential oils by steam distillation". Journal of Cleaner Production 13 (8): 833–839. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2004.02.039. ISSN 0959-6526.
- ↑ Simmons, Adelma Grenier. Country wreaths from Caprilands: the legend, lore, and design of traditional herbal wreaths (en). Rodale Press, 1989. ISBN 978-0-87857-792-7.
- ↑ Mihala, Lorelei. „Bulgarian lavender: The sweet smell of success“ (en-GB). BBC News (2020-yil 30-iyul). Qaraldi: 2020-yil 3-avgust.
- ↑ Giray, Handan (November 2018). "An Analysis of World Lavender Oil Markets and Lessons for Turkey". Journal of Essential Oil-bearing Plants 21 (6): 1612–1623. doi:10.1080/0972060X.2019.1574612. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331664982.
- ↑ „Sec. 182.20 Essential oils, oleoresins (solvent-free), and natural extractives (including distillates)“. FDA. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 24-mart.
- ↑ The New Perfume Handbook, 2nd, Blackie Academic & Professional, 1997. ISBN 978-0-7514-0403-6.
- ↑ 9,0 9,1 „Lavender“. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, US National Institutes of Health (2020-yil 1-avgust). Qaraldi: 2022-yil 1-iyul.
- ↑ "Aromatherapy for dementia". Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 8: CD003150. August 2020. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003150.pub3. PMID 32813272. PMC 7437395. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=7437395.
- ↑ The Grove encyclopedia of materials and techniques in art. Oxford University Press, 2008 — 605–606-bet. ISBN 978-0-19-531391-8.
- ↑ 12,0 12,1 12,2 „Lavender oil“. MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine, US National Institutes of Health (2021-yil 13-noyabr). — „Poisonous ingredient: It is mainly the linalyl acetate and linalool in lavender oil that are poisonous.“. Qaraldi: 2020-yil 9-yanvar.
- ↑ 13,0 13,1 "Essential oil exposures in Australia: analysis of cases reported to the NSW Poisons Information Centre". The Medical Journal of Australia 212 (3): 132–133. November 2019. doi:10.5694/mja2.50403. PMID 31709543. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.5694/mja2.50403. "We found that essential oil exposures are frequent in Australia, and that more than half involve children. ... severe toxicity can be caused by as little as 5 mL"
- ↑ 14,0 14,1 „Essential oil poisoning“. Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (2021-yil iyul). — „Volumes of 5-15 mL are likely to cause toxicity in adults“.
- ↑ "An overview of the biological effects of some Mediterranean essential oils on human health". BioMed Research International 2017: 9268468. 5 November 2017. doi:10.1155/2017/9268468. PMID 29230418. PMC 5694587. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5694587.
- ↑ 16,0 16,1 16,2 16,3 „Lavender“. Drugs.com (2021-yil 22-oktyabr). Qaraldi: 2022-yil 25-may.
- ↑ "Characterisation of lavender essential oils by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with correlation of linear retention indices and comparison with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography". Journal of Chromatography A 970 (1–2): 225–34. September 2002. doi:10.1016/S0021-9673(02)00653-2. PMID 12350096.