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Monosemiya

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Monosemiya "bir ma'noli" degan ma'noni anglatadi va birinchi navbatda leksik semantik tahlil uchun uslub hisoblanadi.U tilning turli qatlamlarida keng qo'llanilishi mumkin.

Yaratuvchi

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Bir nechta nishonalarga qaramasdan,[1] monosemiya ustida nazariy model sifatida transformatsion-generativ tilshunos bo'lgan Charlz Rul tomonidan eng koʻp ishlab chiqilgan .[2][3]

Prinsiplar

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Monosemiya tahlil qilish metodologiyasi sifatida deyarli barcha polisemiya holatlaridagi (qaysiki so'z bir nechta ma'noga ega deb tushuniladigan) taxmin qilingan ma'nolarni farqlash uchun kontekstni talab qilishini tan olishga asoslanadi.

Kontekst har qanday koʻp ma'noli ma'noning ajralmas qismi bo'lganligi uchun Rul ma'nodagi o'zgarishlarni so'zning o'zida emas, balki kontekstda joylashgan joyini aniqlash yaxshiroq ekanligini aytib o'tadi.[4] Uollis Rid esa shuni ko'rsatdiki, koʻp ma'noli ta'rif aslida kontekstda yo'q bo'lgan boshqa ma'lumotni qo'shmaydi, shu sababli koʻp ma'noli ta'rif kontekstning ta'siri "nazorat qilinadigan" (ya'ni tizimli ravishda ta'rifdan ajratilgan)[1] monosematik ta'rif kabi informativdir.

Monosemik tahlil shuni ko'rsatadiki, belgilar tizimidagi har qanday turdagi belgi uning diaxronik tarixidan kelib chiqadigan substansiya va uning paradigmasi doirasidagi bitta qiymatni anglatadi.[5]

Ba'zida shunday holatlar mavjud bo'ladiki, so'z, darhaqiqat, ikkita ma'noga ega bo'lib, ularni birma-bir, mavhumroq ma'no ostida olib bo'lmaydi, ammo ular omonimiya misollari sifatida yaxshiroq tushuniladi.

Oxirgi tadqiqotlar

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Monosemiya Kolumbiya tilshunoslik maktabi tadqiqotida[6][7] kognitiv tilshunoslik sohalarida[8] va qadimgi yunon tilida bo'lgan tadqiqotlarda ishlatilgan.[9][10][11][12][5][13]

Monosemiya haqidagi boshqa tushunchalar

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Monosemiya tilning atributi sifatida ham tushunilishi mumkin (garchi bu Charlz Rul nazariyasida aniq aytilmagan bo'lsa ham), ya'ni tilda semantik noaniqlikning yo'qligi ma`nosida. Sun'iy til Lojban hamda uning o'tmishdoshi Loglan monosematik tillarni yaratishga urinishlarni bayon etadi. Monosemiya tarjima va semantik hisoblash uchun muhim ahamiyatga ega.[14]

Shuningdek qaraladi

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Manbalar

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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 Reid, Wallis (2004), „Monosemy, homonymy and polysemy“, Cognitive and Communicative Approaches to Linguistic Analysis, Studies in Functional and Structural Linguistics, 51-jild, John Benjamins Publishing Company, 93–129-bet, doi:10.1075/sfsl.51.06rei, ISBN 9789027215604
  2. ↑ Ruhl, Charles. On monosemy : a study in linguistic semantics. NetLibrary, Inc., 1999. ISBN 058506492X. OCLC 1053022622. 
  3. ↑ Ruhl, Charles (2002), „Data, Comprehensiveness, Monosemy“, Signal, Meaning, and Message, Studies in Functional and Structural Linguistics, 48-jild, John Benjamins Publishing Company, 171–189-bet, doi:10.1075/sfsl.48.11ruh, ISBN 9789027215574
  4. ↑ Ruhl, Charles. On monosemy : a study in linguistic semantics. NetLibrary, Inc., 1999 — xii-bet. ISBN 058506492X. OCLC 1053022622. 
  5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 Wishart, Ryder A. “Monosemy: A Theoretical Sketch for Biblical Studies.” BAGL7 (2018) 107–39. http://bagl.org/files/volume7/BAGL_7-4_Wishart.pdf
  6. ↑ Reid, Wallis; Otheguy, Ricardo; Stern, Nancy.. Signal, meaning, and message perspectives on sign-based linguistics. John Benjamins Pub. Co, 2002. ISBN 9027282234. OCLC 1109375613. 
  7. ↑ International Columbia School Conference on Linguistics (6th : 1999 : Rutgers University). Cognitive and communicative approaches to linguistic analysis. J. Benjamins, 2004. ISBN 1588115666. OCLC 56318193. 
  8. ↑ Németh T., Enikö Bibok, Károly. Pragmatics and the flexibility of word meaning. Elsevier Science, Ltd, 2001. ISBN 0080439713. OCLC 464060189. 
  9. ↑ Fewster, Gregory P.. Creation language in Romans 8 : a study in monosemy. Brill, 2013. ISBN 9789004246485. OCLC 907619236. 
  10. ↑ Porter, Stanley E., 1956- editor, writer of supplementary textual material. Fewster, Gregory P., editor, writer of supplementary textual material. Land, Christopher D., editor.. Modeling Biblical Language : selected papers from the McMaster Divinity College Linguistics Circle, 2016. ISBN 9789004309265. OCLC 928615102. 
  11. ↑ Porter, Stanley E., 1956-, autor.. Linguistic analysis of the Greek New Testament : studies in tools, methods, and practice, 2015-03-17. ISBN 978-0801049989. OCLC 1105263328. 
  12. ↑ Lappenga, Benjamin J. Verfasser.. Paul's Language of Zēlos : monosemy and the rhetoric of identity and practice, 2015-10-08. ISBN 9789004302457. OCLC 1024095071. 
  13. ↑ Wishart, Ryder A. “Monosemy in Biblical Studies: A Critical Analysis of Recent Work.” BAGL6 (2017) 99–126. http://bagl.org/files/volume6/BAGL_6-5_Wishart.pdf
  14. ↑ Wishart, Ryder A (2018-08-10). "Hierarchical and Distributional Lexical Field Theory: A Critical and Empirical Development of Louw and Nida's Semantic Domain Model". International Journal of Lexicography 31 (4): 394–419. doi:10.1093/ijl/ecy015. ISSN 0950-3846. 

Havolalar

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  • The dictionary definition of monosemy at Wiktionary
  • A theoretical sketch of monosemy
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