Oscar

Oscar mukofoti
Academy Awards
	Oscar mukofoti; Academy Awards
	; Akademiya(Oscar) mukofotining statuetkasi
Mukofot sohasi	Kino sohasidagi yutuqlar uchun
Tashkilotchi	Amerika kino akademiyasi
Mamlakat	AQSh
Birinchi berilgan yili	1929
Rasmiy vebsayti

Oscar (talaffuzi: Oskar) — Amerikaning kinomatografiya akademiyasining har yili taqdim etiladigan mukofoti. Bu AQShning eng nufuzli kinematografistik sovrinidir. Taqdimot marosimi oʻnlab mamlakatlarda toʻgʻridan-toʻgʻri efirda koʻrsatiladi. Koʻpgina kinofestivallardan farqli ravishda „Oscarlar“ hakamlar aniqloviga koʻra emas, balki Akademiya aʼzolarining umumiy ovoz berishiga koʻra taqdim etiladi.

Tarixi

AQShda birinchi kino akademiyasini tashkil etish gʻoyasi 1926-yil noyabrda Metro-Goldwyn-Mayerning kuchli rahbari Luis B. Mayerdan kelib chiqqan. Akademiyaning tashkil etilishining asosiy sababi butun Amerika kino sanoatining birlashishi boʻlib, unda mamlakatning toʻqqizta kino kompaniyalari va beshta kasaba uyushma „Kinostudiyalarning asosiy kelishuvi“ ni imzoladilar. Biroq, ushbu shartnoma faqat texnik xodimlarga taalluqlidir va ijodiy guruhlar, rejissorlar, yozuvchilar va aktyorlar hali ham standart shartnomalar shartlariga rioya qilishadi.

Redaktorlar, bastakorlar, produserlar va boshqa kinoijodkorlar oʻzlarining gildiyalarini tashkil qilishlaridan bir oz oldin, Mayer kirishga qaror qildi va 1926-yil dekabr oyida uchta sanoat rahbarlari bilan uchrashdi: aktyor Konrad Nigel, rejissor Fred Niblo va AQSh kino produserlari uyushmasining rahbari Fred Beatson.Ularning barchasi Hayesning ekrandagi bahsli tarkibni boshqarishda yordami bilan turli xil mehnat nizolarida vositachi boʻlib, dunyodagi Hollywoodning obroʻsini oshiradigan tashkilotni yaratishni rejalashtirdilar.

Hamkasblarning koʻmagi bilan Mayer oʻzini boʻlajak tashkilot aʼzolarini tanlash boʻyicha qoʻmitaning rahbari etib tayinladi.1927-yil 11-Yanvar kuni u mehmonxonada rasmiy uchrashuvda 36 sanoati rahbarlari taklif etdi. Mayer akademiyaga „Xalqaro“ nomini berishni va faqat kino sanʼati va faniga ulkan hissa qoʻshganlarni tasdiqlashni taklif qildi. Biroq, uning advokatlari assotsiatsiya nomidan „Xalqaro“ soʻzini olib tashlashni maslahat berishdi. 1927-yil 4-mayda Akademiya yuridik korporatsiyaga aylandi.Bu Kaliforniya shtati hukumati unga notijorat maqomi berilganida sodir boʻldi. Shu bilan birga, uning oʻttiz olti aʼzosi birinchi mansabdor shaxslarni sayladilar: aktyor Duglas Feyerbank prezident boʻldi, ssenariy muallifi Frank Vuds esa kotib sifatida tayinlandi. Mayer Baltimoreda 300 kishilik ziyofat uyushtirdi.Unda nutq soʻzlagan Feyrbank, uzoq davom etgan nutq davomida u kino ekrani va barcha tomoshabinlar ulkan va bezovta qiluvchi tsenzura va nafrat ostida ekanligini taʼkidladilar.

1927-yilda oʻttiz oltita aʼzo tomonidan tasdiqlangan akademiyaning asosiy maqsadlari

Akademiya kino bilan bogʻliq adolatsiz xatti-harakatlarga qarshi mitinglarda faol ravishda qatnashadi.
Akademiya oʻz xodimlari va boshqa sohalar oʻrtasida uygʻunlik va birdamlikni qoʻllab-quvvatlaydi.
Akademiya mavjud yoki paydo boʻlgan ichki kelishmovchiliklarni yarashtirishga harakat qiladi.
Akademiya kino kasblarining yanada obodligi, obroʻsi va obroʻ-eʼtiboriga mos keladigan usul va vositalardan foydalanadi.
Akademiya konstruktiv gʻoyalar almashish va maxsus mukofotlarni topshirish orqali kino kasblarida sanʼat va fanlarni takomillashtirish va rivojlantirishni ragʻbatlantirmoqchi.
Akademiya kino ekranining ulkan kuchi va taʼsirini rivojlantirish uchun choralar koʻradi.

Oscar mukofotining nominatsiyalari

Hozirgi kunda Oscar mukofoti 24 asosiy nominatsiya boʻyicha taqdim etiladi:

Yilning eng yaxshi filmi — 1928-yildan

Qarang: Oscar mukofotining eng yaxshi film nominatsiyasi nomzodlari va sovrindorlari

Eng yaxshi erkaklar roli — 1928-yildan
Eng yaxshi ayollar roli — 1928-yildan
Eng yaxshi ikkinchi darajali erkaklar roli — 1936-yildan
Eng yaxshi ikkinchi darajali ayollar roli — 1936-yildan
Eng yaxshi animatsion toʻliq metrajli film — 2001-yildan
Eng yaxshi rassom-postanovkachi/dekorator ishi — 1928-yildan
Eng yaxshi operator ishi — 1928-yildan
Eng yaxshi liboslar dizayni — 1948-yildan
Eng yaxshi rejissura — 1928-yildan
Eng yaxshi hujjatli toʻliq metrajli film
Eng yaxshi hujjatli qisqa metrajli film
Eng yaxshi montaj — 1935-yildan
Chet tilidagi eng yaxshi film — 1947-yildan
Eng yaxshi grim — 1981-yildan
Eng yaxshi musiqa — 1934-yildan
Eng yaxshi qoʻshiq — 1934-yildan
Eng yaxshi animatsion qisqa metrajli film — 1931-yildan
Eng yaxshi badiiy qisqa metrajli film
Eng yaxshi ovoz — 1930-yildan (3-dan to 41-gacha boʻlgan taqdimot marosimlarida 1930—1968 mukofot studiyalarga taqdim etilgan, 1969-yildan ovoz yozuvchi aniq kishilarga berila boshlagan.)
Eng yaxshi ovoz montaji — 1963-yildan
Eng yaxshi vizual effektlar — 1939-yildan
Eng yaxshi ssenariy-adaptatsiya — 1928-yildan
Eng yaxshi original ssenariy — 1940-yildan

Manbalar

Havolalar

Andoza:Oscar kinomukofotining eng yaxshi rejissor nominatsiyasi gʻoliblari

Filmga oid ushbu maqola chaladir. Siz uni boyitib, Vikipediyaga yordam berishingiz mumkin.

k m t Oscar kinomukofoti
Muayyan mavzulardagi nominatsiyalar	eng yaxshi film rejissyor aktyor aktrisa ikkinchi darajadagi aktyor ikkinchi darajadagi aktrisa moslangan ssenariy original ssenariy animatsion film hujjatli film xorijiy tildagi film animatsion qisqa metrajli film hujjatli mavzudagi qisqa film translyatsion qisqa film kinematografiya dekoratsiya film namoyishi pardoz va soch turmagi original juftlik original musiqa original myuzikl postanovka ovoz berish ovoz ishlari vizual effektlar
Maxsus nominatsiyalar	Oscar faxriy mukofoti Oscar fan va texnika mukofoti Gordon E. Sawyer mukofoti Irving G. Thalberg xotirasi uchun mukofot Jean Hersholt insonparvarlik mukofoti
Tantanali marosimlar	1927/28 1928/29 1929/30 1930/31 1931/32 1932/33 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Kitobi Portal

k m t Oscar kinomukofotining eng yaxshi aktrisa nominatsiyasi gʻoliblari
1928–1950	Janet Gaynor (1928) Mary Pickford (1929) Norma Shearer (1930) Marie Dressler (1931) Helen Hayes (1932) Katharine Hepburn (1933) Claudette Colbert (1934) Bette Davis (1935) Luise Rainer (1936) Luise Rainer (1937) Bette Davis (1938) Vivien Leigh (1939) Ginger Rogers (1940) Joan Fontaine (1941) Greer Garson (1942) Jennifer Jones (1943) Ingrid Bergman (1944) Joan Crawford (1945) Olivia de Havilland (1946) Loretta Young (1947) Jane Wyman (1948) Olivia de Havilland (1949) Judy Holliday (1950)
1951–1975	Vivien Leigh (1951) Shirley Booth (1952) Audrey Hepburn (1953) Grace Kelly (1954) Anna Magnani (1955) Ingrid Bergman (1956) Joanne Woodward (1957) Susan Hayward (1958) Simone Signoret (1959) Elizabeth Taylor (1960) Sophia Loren (1961) Anne Bancroft (1962) Patricia Neal (1963) Julie Andrews (1964) Julie Christie (1965) Elizabeth Taylor (1966) Katharine Hepburn (1967) Katharine Hepburn / Barbra Streisand (1968) Maggie Smith (1969) Glenda Jackson (1970) Jane Fonda (1971) Liza Minnelli (1972) Glenda Jackson (1973) Ellen Burstyn (1974) Louise Fletcher (1975)
1976–2000	Faye Dunaway (1976) Diane Keaton (1977) Jane Fonda (1978) Sally Field (1979) Sissy Spacek (1980) Katharine Hepburn (1981) Meryl Streep (1982) Shirley MacLaine (1983) Sally Field (1984) Geraldine Page (1985) Marlee Matlin (1986) Cher (1987) Jodie Foster (1988) Jessica Tandy (1989) Kathy Bates (1990) Jodie Foster (1991) Emma Thompson (1992) Holly Hunter (1993) Jessica Lange (1994) Susan Sarandon (1995) Frances McDormand (1996) Helen Hunt (1997) Gwyneth Paltrow (1998) Hilary Swank (1999) Julia Roberts (2000)
2001–yildan	Halle Berry (2001) Nicole Kidman (2002) Charlize Theron (2003) Hilary Swank (2004) Reese Witherspoon (2005) Helen Mirren (2006) Marion Cotillard (2007) Kate Winslet (2008) Sandra Bullock (2009) Natalie Portman (2010) Meryl Streep (2011) Jennifer Lawrence (2012) Cate Blanchett (2013) Julianne Moore (2014) Brie Larson (2015) Emma Stone (2016) Frances McDormand (2017) Olivia Colman (2018) Renée Zellweger (2019) Frances McDormand (2020) Jessica Chastain (2021) Michelle Yeoh (2022) Emma Stone (2023)

k m t Oscar kinomukofotining eng yaxshi aktyor nominatsiyasi gʻoliblari
1928–1950	Emil Jannings (1928) Warner Baxter (1929) George Arliss (1930) Lionel Barrymore (1931) Fredric March / Wallace Beery (1932) Charles Laughton (1933) Clark Gable (1934) Victor McLaglen (1935) Paul Muni (1936) Spencer Tracy (1937) Spencer Tracy (1938) Robert Donat (1939) James Stewart (1940) Gary Cooper (1941) James Cagney (1942) Paul Lukas (1943) Bing Crosby (1944) Ray Milland (1945) Fredric March (1946) Ronald Colman (1947) Laurence Olivier (1948) Broderick Crawford (1949) José Ferrer (1950)
1951–1975	Humphrey Bogart (1951) Gary Cooper (1952) William Holden (1953) Marlon Brando (1954) Ernest Borgnine (1955) Yul Brynner (1956) Alec Guinness (1957) David Niven (1958) Charlton Heston (1959) Burt Lancaster (1960) Maximilian Schell (1961) Gregory Peck (1962) Sidney Poitier (1963) Rex Harrison (1964) Lee Marvin (1965) Paul Scofield (1966) Rod Steiger (1967) Cliff Robertson (1968) John Wayne (1969) George C. Scott¹ (1970) Gene Hackman (1971) Marlon Brando¹ (1972) Jack Lemmon (1973) Art Carney (1974) Jack Nicholson (1975)
1976–2000	Peter Finch (1976) Richard Dreyfuss (1977) Jon Voight (1978) Dustin Hoffman (1979) Robert De Niro (1980) Henry Fonda (1981) Ben Kingsley (1982) Robert Duvall (1983) F. Murray Abraham (1984) William Hurt (1985) Paul Newman (1986) Michael Douglas (1987) Dustin Hoffman (1988) Daniel Day-Lewis (1989) Jeremy Irons (1990) Anthony Hopkins (1991) Al Pacino (1992) Tom Hanks (1993) Tom Hanks (1994) Nicolas Cage (1995) Geoffrey Rush (1996) Jack Nicholson (1997) Roberto Benigni (1998) Kevin Spacey (1999) Russell Crowe (2000)
2001–yildan	Denzel Washington (2001) Adrien Brody (2002) Sean Penn (2003) Jamie Foxx (2004) Philip Seymour Hoffman (2005) Forest Whitaker (2006) Daniel Day-Lewis (2007) Sean Penn (2008) Jeff Bridges (2009) Colin Firth (2010) Jean Dujardin (2011) Daniel Day-Lewis (2012) Matthew McConaughey (2013) Eddie Redmayne (2014) Leonardo DiCaprio (2015) Casey Affleck (2016) Gary Oldman (2017) Rami Malek (2018) Joaquin Phoenix (2019) Anthony Hopkins (2020) Will Smith (2021)

k m t Oscar mukofotining eng yaxshi film nominatsiyasi gʻoliblari
1927/28–1950	Wings (1927/28) The Broadway Melody (1928/29) All Quiet on the Western Front (1929/30) Cimarron (1930/31) Grand Hotel (1931/32) Cavalcade (1933) It Happened One Night (1934) Mutiny on the Bounty (1935) The Great Ziegfeld (1936) The Life of Emile Zola (1937) You Can't Take It with You (1938) Gone with the Wind (1939) Rebecca (1940) How Green Was My Valley (1941) Mrs. Miniver (1942) Casablanca (1943) Going My Way (1944) The Lost Weekend (1945) The Best Years of Our Lives (1946) Gentleman's Agreement (1947) Hamlet (1948) All the King's Men (1949) All About Eve (1950)
1951–1975	An American in Paris (1951) The Greatest Show on Earth (1952) From Here to Eternity (1953) On the Waterfront (1954) Marty (1955) Around the World in 80 Days (1956) The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957) Gigi (1958) Ben-Hur (1959) The Apartment (1960) West Side Story (1961) Lawrence of Arabia (1962) Tom Jones (1963) My Fair Lady (1964) The Sound of Music (1965) A Man for All Seasons (1966) In the Heat of the Night (1967) Oliver! (1968) Midnight Cowboy (1969) Patton (1970) The French Connection (1971) The Godfather (1972) The Sting (1973) The Godfather Part II (1974) Kakku uyasi uzra parvoz (1975)
1976–2000	Rocky (1976) Annie Hall (1977) The Deer Hunter (1978) Kramer vs. Kramer (1979) Ordinary People (1980) Chariots of Fire (1981) Gandhi (1982) Terms of Endearment (1983) Amadeus (1984) Out of Africa (1985) Platoon (1986) The Last Emperor (1987) Rain Man (1988) Driving Miss Daisy (1989) Dances with Wolves (1990) The Silence of the Lambs (1991) Unforgiven (1992) Schindler's List (1993) Forrest Gump (1994) Sheryurak (1995) Bemor ingliz (1996) Titanic (1997) Shakespeare in Love (1998) American Beauty (1999) Gladiator (2000)
2001–yildan	Tafakkur oʻyinlari (2001) Chicago (2002) Uzuklar hukmdori: Qirolning qaytishi (2003) Million Dollar Baby (2004) Crash (2005) The Departed (2006) No Country for Old Men (2007) Slumdog Millionaire (2008) The Hurt Locker (2009) Qirol nutqi (2010) The Artist (2011) Argo (2012) 12 Years a Slave (2013) Birdman (2014) Spotlight (2015) Moonlight (2016) The Shape of Water (2017) Yashil kitob (2018) Parazit (2019) Nomadland (2020) CODA (2021) Everything Everywhere All at Once (2022)

k m t Oscar mukofotining eng yaxshi ikkinchi darajadagi aktrisa nominatsiyasi gʻoliblari
1936–1950	Gale Sondergaard (1936) Alice Brady (1937) Fay Bainter (1938) Hattie McDaniel (1939) Jane Darwell (1940) Mary Astor (1941) Teresa Wright (1942) Katina Paxinou (1943) Ethel Barrymore (1944) Anne Revere (1945) Anne Baxter (1946) Celeste Holm (1947) Claire Trevor (1948) Mercedes McCambridge (1949) Josephine Hull (1950)
1951–1975	Kim Hunter (1951) Gloria Grahame (1952) Donna Reed (1953) Eva Marie Saint (1954) Jo Van Fleet (1955) Dorothy Malone (1956) Miyoshi Umeki (1957) Wendy Hiller (1958) Shelley Winters (1959) Shirley Jones (1960) Rita Moreno (1961) Patty Duke (1962) Margaret Rutherford (1963) Lila Kedrova (1964) Shelley Winters (1965) Sandy Dennis (1966) Estelle Parsons (1967) Ruth Gordon (1968) Goldie Hawn (1969) Helen Hayes (1970) Cloris Leachman (1971) Eileen Heckart (1972) Tatum O'Neal (1973) Ingrid Bergman (1974) Lee Grant (1975)
1976–2000	Beatrice Straight (1976) Vanessa Redgrave (1977) Maggie Smith (1978) Meryl Streep (1979) Mary Steenburgen (1980) Maureen Stapleton (1981) Jessica Lange (1982) Linda Hunt (1983) Peggy Ashcroft (1984) Anjelica Huston (1985) Dianne Wiest (1986) Olympia Dukakis (1987) Geena Davis (1988) Brenda Fricker (1989) Whoopi Goldberg (1990) Mercedes Ruehl (1991) Marisa Tomei (1992) Anna Paquin (1993) Dianne Wiest (1994) Mira Sorvino (1995) Juliette Binoche (1996) Kim Basinger (1997) Judi Dench (1998) Angelina Jolie (1999) Marcia Gay Harden (2000)
2001–yildan	Jennifer Connelly (2001) Catherine Zeta-Jones (2002) Renée Zellweger (2003) Cate Blanchett (2004) Rachel Weisz (2005) Jennifer Hudson (2006) Tilda Swinton (2007) Penélope Cruz (2008) Mo'Nique (2009) Melissa Leo (2010) Octavia Spencer (2011) Anne Hathaway (2012) Lupita Nyong'o (2013) Patricia Arquette (2014) Alicia Vikander (2015) Viola Davis (2016) Allison Janney (2017) Regina King (2018) Laura Dern (2019) Youn Yuh-jung (2020) Ariana DeBose (2021) Jamie Lee Curtis (2022)