Venetsiya (Los-Anjeles)

Venice, Los Angeles
Venice, Los Angeles; Venetsiya
	33°59′27″N 118°27′33″W / 33.99083°N 118.45917°W
Mamlakat	Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari
{{{tuman_turi}}}	Los Anjeles, Kaliforniya
Asos solingan	1905
Aholisi (2008)	40 885
Pochta indeks(lar)i	90291, 90292
	[[File:\|290px\|Venice, Los Angeles xaritada]] Venice, Los Angeles

Venetsiya Kaliforniya shtati, Los-Anjeles okrugining Westside mintaqasidagi Los-Anjeles shahrining mahallasidir.

Venetsiya 1905 yilda Abbot Kinni tomonidan dengiz bo'yidagi kurort shaharchasi sifatida asos solingan. Bu 1926 yilgacha Los-Anjeles tomonidan qo'shib olingunga qadar mustaqil shahar edi. Venetsiya o'zining kanallari, plyajlari va okean qirg'og'idagi ikki yarim kilometri (4km) bilan mashhur bo'lib bu yo'llar ijrochilar, folbinlar va sotuvchilar yuradigan piyodalar yo'lidir.

Tarix

19-asr

1839 yilda Venetsiyaning janubiy qismlarini o'z ichiga olgan La Ballona deb nomlangan hudud Meksika hukumati tomonidan Ygnacio va Augustin Machado, Felipe va Tomas Talamantesga berildi va ularga Rancho La Ballona unvonini berdi.^[1]^[2]^[3] Keyinchalik bu Port Ballonaning bir qismiga aylandi.

Tashkil etlishi

Dastlab "Amerika Venetsiyasi" deb nomlangan Venetsiya 1905 yilda boy dasturchi Abbot Kinni tomonidan plyaj kurort shahri sifatida asos solingan, 14 milya (23 km) Los-Anjelesdan g'arbiy.1891-yilda u va uning do'sti Frankis Rayan, shimoliy Santa Monika hududiga yetb keldilar. Ular shaharning shimoliy chekkasida Okean Park deb nomlangan kurort shaharchasini qurdilar va u tez orada Santa Monikaga qo'shildi. Rayan vafot etganidan so'ng, Kinni va uning yangi hamkorlari Navy ko'chasi janubida qurilishni davom ettirdilar. 1904 yilda hamkorlik tugatilgandan so'ng, sobiq hamkorlari bilan tuzgan shartnomalari asosida mulkning janubiy tomonidagi botqoqli erni qo'lga kiritgan Kinni Italiyaning o'ziga xos shahri kabi dengiz bo'yida kurort qurishni boshladi.^[4] ^:8

1905-yil 4-iyulda Amerikaning Venetsiyasi ochilganda, Kinni oʻz turar-joyidagi botqoqlarni quritish uchun bir necha kilometr kanallar qazib,1,200 kilometr uzunlikdagi kanal qurdi. Auditoriya, kema restorani va raqs zali bo'lgan kanal, issiq sho'r suvli sho'ng'in qurildi va Venetsiya arxitekturasi bilan bir blok uzun arkadali biznes ko'chasi qurildi. Kinni binolar ustunlarini loyihalash uchun rassom Feliks Peanoni yolladi. ^[4] Poytaxtlarga Kinni va Netti Buk ismli ayoldan keyin modellashtirilgan bir nechta yuzlar kiritilgan.^[5]^[6]

Sayyohlar, asosan, Los-Anjeles va Santa-Monikadan Tinch okeani elektr temir yo'lining "Qizil vagonlari" ga kelib, keyin Venetsiya miniatyura temir yo'li va gondollarda shaharga sayohat qilishdi. Eng katta diqqatga sazovor joy Venetsiyaning 1 kilometr uzunlikdagi (1.6 km) yumshoq qiyalikli plyaj. Kottejlar va uy xo'jaliklari uchun chodirlarni ijaraga olish mumkin edi.

Aholisi (1910 yilda 3119 kishi) tez orada 10 mingdan oshdi; shahar dam olish kunlarida 50 000 dan 150 000 gacha sayyohlarni jalb qildi.^[7]

Geografiya

Los-Anjeles shahri

Los-Anjeles shahri ma'lumotlariga ko'ra, Venetsiya shimolda Santa Monika shahri (Dengiz va Dyui ko'chalari) bilan chegaralangan. Gʻarbda u Tinch okeani va sharqda Uolgrove prospekti bilan Santa-Monika chegarasidan Venetsiya bulvarigacha, Betxoven koʻchasidan Venetsiya bulvaridan Zanja koʻchasigacha (shu jumladan Venetsiya baland ) va Del Rey prospekti bilan Zanja koʻchasidan Maxella prospektigacha chegaralangan. . Janubda chegara Linkoln bulvari bo'ylab Admiralti yo'ligacha, keyin janubdan Ballona-krikgacha - Marina yarimoroli hamjamiyatini o'z ichiga oladi, lekin Marina del Rey bundan mustasno.^[8] Venetsiya Palms, Mar Vista va Del Rey mahallalari, Kulver Siti va Marina del Reyning bir qismi bilan chegaradosh.

Venetsiya qo'shnichilik kengashi ma'lumotlariga ko'ra, Venetsiya Venetsiyaning maxsus rejasida sanab o'tilgan sakkizta mavjud mahallalardan iborat - Silver Strand, Oksford uchburchagi, Marina yarim oroli, Kumush uchburchak, Shimoliy Venetsiya, Janubiy Venetsiya, Prezidentlar qatori, Venetsiya kanallari, Okvud, Shimoliy OFW ( Okean oldidagi yurish), NoRo (Rose prospektining shimolida) va Penmar - shuningdek, Venetsiyaning sharqiy qismidagi qo'shimcha mahalla.^[9]

LA xaritasi

Los-Anjeles Taymsning Mapping LA loyihasiga ko'ra, Venetsiya shimoli-g'arbda Santa Monika, shimoli-sharqda Mar Vista, janubi-sharqda Kalver Siti, Del Rey va Marina Del Rey, janubda Ballona Krik va gʻarbda Tinch okeani boʻyida.

Venetsiya shimoli-g'arbda Santa Monika shahar chizig'i bilan chegaralangan. Venetsiya mahallasining shimoliy cho'qqisi Santa Monika aeroportiga tutashgan Valgrove avenyu va Rose avenyusida joylashgan. Sharqda chegara Uolgrove prospekti bo'ylab shimoldan janubga, Zanja ko'chasidagi mahallaning sharqiy cho'qqisiga o'tadi, shu bilan Penmar golf maydonini o'z ichiga oladi, lekin Venetsiya o'rta maktabi bundan mustasno. Chegara Linkoln bulvaridan Admiralti yo'ligacha o'tadi, barcha Marina del Reydan tashqari, janubda Ballona Krikgacha .^[10]^[11]

Shahar manzarasi

Venetsiya kanali tarixiy okrugi

Abbot Kinney bulvari

Abbott Kinney bulvari asosiy diqqatga sazovor joy bo'lib, ko'chada do'konlar, restoranlar, barlar va san'at galereyalari joylashgan. Bu ko‘cha “Variy Vashington bulvari deb ataladigan vayronaga aylangan plyaj kottejlari va bo‘sh g‘ishtli sanoat binolari”^[12] deb ta’riflangan va 1980-yillarning oxirida jamoat guruhlari va mulk egalari Abbot Kinni sharafiga ko‘chaning bir qismini nomini o‘zgartirishga undashgan.^[13]^[14] Nomini o'zgartirish keng tarqalgan bo'lib hududni tijoratlashtirish va hududga yangi yuqori darajadagi korxonalarni olib kirish uchun marketing strategiyasi sifatida ko'rib chiqildi. ^[15]

Venetsiya dehqon bozori

1987 yilda tashkil etilgan dehqon bozori har juma kuni soat 7 dan ishlaydi 11 gacha Men Venetsiya yo'lidagi Venetsiya bulvaridaman.^[16]

72 Market Street Oyster Bar va Gril

72 Market Street Oyster Bar and Grill Venetsiyadagi Market Street bilan bog'liq bo'lgan bir qancha tarixiy izohlardan biri bo'lib, shahar 1905 yilda tashkil etilganda savdo uchun mo'ljallangan birinchi ko'chalardan biri edi. Depressiya davrida Upton Sinclair gubernatorlikka nomzod bo'lganida u yerda ofisiga ega edi va restoran joylashgan o'sha tarixiy bino 1970-yillarning boshlarida birinchi Ace/Venetsiya galereyasining sayti bo'lgan.^[17]

↑ diseno Rancho La Ballona
↑ „Redondo“. USGS Historical Topographic Map Explorer (1896).
↑ „Map of old Spanish and Mexican ranchos in Los Angeles County“. 2016-yil 27-iyulda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2014-yil 29-iyun.
↑ ^4,0 ^4,1 Elayne Alexander. Venice. Arcadia Publishing, February 2, 2009. ISBN 978-0-7385-6966-6. Qaraldi: 2013-yil 9-yanvar.
↑ „Peano's Faces of Venice Beach – Los Angeles, California“. Atlas Obscura. Qaraldi: 2018-yil 17-aprel.
↑ „Betsy Sells Venice“. Venice Vanguard Newsletter (2005-yil sentyabr). 2018-yil 18-aprelda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2018-yil 17-aprel. „These cast iron sculptures were done by Felix Peano, an Italian sculptor whose work achieved more than a modest degree of fame at the turn of the century. Peano was an intimate friend of Jack London and was well known in the San Francisco Bay area. He was employed by Abbot Kinney to add his embelishments to the dream called Venice of America. The faces on the columns are classical in style, easily traceable to the influence of ancient Rome. Yet Peano did not go all the way back in time for his inspiration. He found it in a young girl of 17 who was living on the ocean front in 1904, watching Venice grow around her. "It was almost an embarrassing moment," explains Nettie Bouck. "Felix Peano was at our house, actually at that time it was the house of my future father-in-law, Mr. Bouck. I don´t know why. He just all of a sudden reached out and grabbed me. He was an Italian gentleman and very, very emotional. And he held my face, my hands, put his hands on my face and looked at it." Peano insisted that he would use those features in the work he was doing for Mr. Kinney. They showed up as the female face atop the Windward Avenue pillars. "Well, it was not a likeness of me, but the face, the contours of my face, gave him the idea to use it for the heads on the columns. There was really no big story or history about it," insists Mrs. Bouck, "except that he got a little bit over-enthusiastic I guess."“.
↑ Rogers, Sam; Steuart, W.M (1921). "State Compendium California". Department of Commerce 14: 196. https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/06229686v1-7ch04.pdf.
↑ „Venice Plan Map“. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 4-avgust.
↑ „Neighborhoods of Venice“. Venice Neighborhood Council. City of Los Angeles. Qaraldi: 2021-yil 9-yanvar.
↑ "Venice", Mapping L.A., Los Angeles Times
↑ The Thomas Guide: Los Angeles County, 2004, pages 671, 672 and 702
↑ Janelle Brown (November 20, 2005), Venice, Calif., Is Turning Into Sunrise Boulevard The New York Times
↑ Nancy Hill-Holtzman (August 10, 1989), Plan for Kinney Boulevard in Venice Runs Into Pothole Los Angeles Times.
↑ Nancy Hill-Holtzman (February 25, 1990), Part of Washington Blvd. to Be Renamed Los Angeles Times.
↑ Groves, Martha (October 25, 2013) "Abbot Kinney Boulevard's renaissance a mixed blessing" Los Angeles Times
↑ „Discover Los Angeles“. Discover Los Angeles (2017-yil 7-iyul). Qaraldi: 2017-yil 12-avgust.
↑ McKenna, Kristine. „The Ace is Wild: The Doug Chrismas Story“. LA Weekly (2003-yil 9-oktyabr). 2012-yil 26-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2012-yil 26-yanvar.

[1] seno Rancho La Ballona

[2] „Redondo“. USGS Historical Topographic Map Explorer (1896).

[3] „Map of old Spanish and Mexican ranchos in Los Angeles County“. 2016-yil 27-iyulda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2014-yil 29-iyun.

[alexander-4] 4,0 ^4,1 Elayne Alexander. Venice. Arcadia Publishing, February 2, 2009. ISBN 978-0-7385-6966-6. Qaraldi: 2013-yil 9-yanvar.

[nellie-5] „Peano's Faces of Venice Beach – Los Angeles, California“. Atlas Obscura. Qaraldi: 2018-yil 17-aprel.

[MyUser_Betsysellsvenice.com_April_17_2018c-6] „Betsy Sells Venice“. Venice Vanguard Newsletter (2005-yil sentyabr). 2018-yil 18-aprelda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2018-yil 17-aprel. „These cast iron sculptures were done by Felix Peano, an Italian sculptor whose work achieved more than a modest degree of fame at the turn of the century. Peano was an intimate friend of Jack London and was well known in the San Francisco Bay area. He was employed by Abbot Kinney to add his embelishments to the dream called Venice of America. The faces on the columns are classical in style, easily traceable to the influence of ancient Rome. Yet Peano did not go all the way back in time for his inspiration. He found it in a young girl of 17 who was living on the ocean front in 1904, watching Venice grow around her. "It was almost an embarrassing moment," explains Nettie Bouck. "Felix Peano was at our house, actually at that time it was the house of my future father-in-law, Mr. Bouck. I don´t know why. He just all of a sudden reached out and grabbed me. He was an Italian gentleman and very, very emotional. And he held my face, my hands, put his hands on my face and looked at it." Peano insisted that he would use those features in the work he was doing for Mr. Kinney. They showed up as the female face atop the Windward Avenue pillars. "Well, it was not a likeness of me, but the face, the contours of my face, gave him the idea to use it for the heads on the columns. There was really no big story or history about it," insists Mrs. Bouck, "except that he got a little bit over-enthusiastic I guess."“.

[7] Rogers, Sam; Steuart, W.M (1921). "State Compendium California". Department of Commerce 14: 196. https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/06229686v1-7ch04.pdf.

[8] „Venice Plan Map“. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 4-avgust.

[9] „Neighborhoods of Venice“. Venice Neighborhood Council. City of Los Angeles. Qaraldi: 2021-yil 9-yanvar.

[MappingLAVenice-10] "Venice", Mapping L.A., Los Angeles Times

[ThomasGuide-11] The Thomas Guide: Los Angeles County, 2004, pages 671, 672 and 702

[12] Janelle Brown (November 20, 2005), Venice, Calif., Is Turning Into Sunrise Boulevard The New York Times

[13] Nancy Hill-Holtzman (August 10, 1989), Plan for Kinney Boulevard in Venice Runs Into Pothole Los Angeles Times.

[14] Nancy Hill-Holtzman (February 25, 1990), Part of Washington Blvd. to Be Renamed Los Angeles Times.

[15] Groves, Martha (October 25, 2013) "Abbot Kinney Boulevard's renaissance a mixed blessing" Los Angeles Times

[16] „Discover Los Angeles“. Discover Los Angeles (2017-yil 7-iyul). Qaraldi: 2017-yil 12-avgust.

[ace-17] McKenna, Kristine. „The Ace is Wild: The Doug Chrismas Story“. LA Weekly (2003-yil 9-oktyabr). 2012-yil 26-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2012-yil 26-yanvar.

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