Abdurahmon ibn al-Dahhok ibn Qays al-Fihriy

Abdurahmon ibn al-Dahhok ibn Qays al-Fihri (arabcha: عبد الرحمن بن الضحاك بن قيس الفهري) – VIII asrda Umaviylar xalifaligining Madina (720–723) va Makkadagi (721/722–723) hokimi.

Faoliyati

Abdurahmon 684-yilda Marj Rahit jangida halok boʻlgan Qurayshiylarning Qays urugʻi boshligʻi al-Dahhok ibn Qays al-Fihriyning oʻgʻli boʻlgan^[1]. Xalifa Yazid ibn Abdulmalik hukmronligi (720–724) davri boshida Madinaga hokim etib tayinlangan. 721 yoki 722-yillarda qoʻshimcha ravishda Makka ustidan nazorat olib borish vakolati berilgan. Shuningdek, xalifa Yazid tomonidan 720, 721 va 722-yillarda haj ziyoratlariga rahbarlik qilish ham aynan uning zimmasiga yuklatilgan^[2].

Viloyat hokimi sifatida Abdurahmon Madinaning yuqori qatlam vakillari bilan maslahatlashishdan bosh tortgan va shu sababli ham aholi uni yoqtirmagan. Hokim shaharda istiqomat qiluvchi ansorlarga nisbatan yomon munosabatda boʻlganlikda ayblangan. Ayniqsa, ansoriy Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn Amr ibn Hazm bilan keskin munosabatda boʻlgan^[3]. Bundan tashqari, Abu Bakr tomonidan tayinlangan qozi Abu Tuvala Abdulloh ibn Abdurahmon al-Ansoriyni ham lavozimidan boʻshatib, uning oʻrniga Salama ibn Abdulloh al-Maxzumiyni tayinlagan^[4].

Abdurahmonning hokimlik davri 723-yilda barham topgan. Ali ibn Abu Tolibning nabirasi Fotima bint al-Husaynni taʼqib qilib, uni zoʻrlab turmushga berishga harakat qilgan, agar Fotima bundan bosh tortsa, uning toʻngʻich oʻgʻlini qamchilash bilan tahdid solgan. Buning natijasida esa hokimiyatdan ayrilgan. Fotima bunga javoban xalifa Yazid ibn Abdulmalikka shikoyat qilgan, xalifa gʻazab bilan Abdurahmonni lavozimidan boʻshatib, unga nisbatan qirq ming dinor jarima undirib, qiynoqqa solish uchun Suriyadagi qarorgohlaridan biriga joʻnatilgan. Abdurahmon oʻziga qarshi chiqarilgan hukmdan xabar topgach, xalifaning ukasi Maslama ibn Abdulmalikdan yordam soʻrashga uringan, biroq Yazid Abdurahmonga jazoni amalga oshirishdan oldin biroz muhlat berishdan ham bosh tortib, oxir-oqibat Madinaga qaytarib yuborgan. Unga oʻqilgan hukmdan keyin Abdurahmon qashshoq boʻlib qolgan va keyinchalik Madina koʻchalarida uning tilanchilik qilib yurganini ham koʻrishgan^[5].

Manbalar

↑ Dietrich 1965.
↑ Powers 1989, ss. 105, 126, 165, 167; Al-Ya'qubi 1883, ss. 375, 377; Khalifah ibn Khayyat 1985, ss. 325, 327, 328, 332, 334; Ibn 'Asakir 1996, ss. 439 ff.; McMillan 2011, s. 120. According to Al-Mas'udi 1877, s. 60, the only pilgrimage that he led was that of 721.
↑ Powers 1989, ss. 105–07, 182; Al-Ya'qubi 1883, s. 375; McMillan 2011, s. 121.
↑ Powers 1989, s. 105; Waki' n.d., s. 148. Khalifah ibn Khayyat 1985, s. 334 calls him Maslamah ibn Abdallah.
↑ Powers 1989, ss. 179–182; Al-Ya'qubi 1883, s. 375; Ibn 'Asakir 1996, ss. 442 ff.; McMillan 2011, s. 120.

Adabiyotlar

Dietrich, A. (1965). "Al-Dahhak b. Kays al-Fihri". in Lewis, B.. Encyclopaedia of Islam. Volume II: C–G (2nd nashri). Leiden: E. J. Brill. 89–90 b. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_1658. OCLC 495469475. https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/search?s.q=Al-Dahhak+b.+Kays+al-Fihri&s.f.s2_parent=s.f.book.encyclopaedia-of-islam-2&search-go=Search.
Ibn 'Asakir, Abu al-Qasim 'Ali ibn al-Hasan ibn Hibat Allah. Tarikh Madinat Dimashq, Vol. 34 (Arabic). Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 1996.
Khalifah ibn Khayyat. Tarikh Khalifah ibn Khayyat, 3rd ed (Arabic). Al-Riyadh: Dar Taybah, 1985.
Al-Mas'udi, Ali ibn al-Husain. Les Prairies D'Or, Tome Neuvième, Ed. and Trans. Charles Barbier de Meynard and Abel Pavet de Courteille (French), Paris: Imprimerie Nationale, 1877.
McMillan, M.E.. The Meaning of Mecca: The Politics of Pilgrimage in Early Islam. London: Saqi, 2011. ISBN 978-0-86356-437-6.
The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XXIV: The Empire in Transition: The Caliphates of Sulaymān, ʿUmar, and Yazīd, A.D. 715–724/A.H. 96–105, SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies.. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press, 1989. ISBN 978-0-7914-0072-2.
Waki', Muhammad ibn Khalaf ibn Hayyan. Akhbar al-Qudat (Arabic). Beirut: 'Alam al-Kutub, n.d.. OCLC 957287781.
Al-Ya'qubi, Ahmad ibn Abu Ya'qub. Historiae, Vol. 2 (Arabic). Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1883.

Oldingisi Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn Amr ibn Hazm	Madina hokimi 720–723	Keyingisi Abdulvohid ibn Abdulloh al-Nasriy
Oldingisi Abdulaziz ibn Abdulloh ibn Xolid ibn Asid	Makka hokimi 721/2–723	Keyingisi Abdulvohid ibn Abdulloh al-Nasriy

[FOOTNOTEDietrich1965-1] Dietrich 1965.

[2] Powers 1989, ss. 105, 126, 165, 167; Al-Ya'qubi 1883, ss. 375, 377; Khalifah ibn Khayyat 1985, ss. 325, 327, 328, 332, 334; Ibn 'Asakir 1996, ss. 439 ff.; McMillan 2011, s. 120. According to Al-Mas'udi 1877, s. 60, the only pilgrimage that he led was that of 721.

[3] Powers 1989, ss. 105–07, 182; Al-Ya'qubi 1883, s. 375; McMillan 2011, s. 121.

[4] Powers 1989, s. 105; Waki' n.d., s. 148. Khalifah ibn Khayyat 1985, s. 334 calls him Maslamah ibn Abdallah.

[5] Powers 1989, ss. 179–182; Al-Ya'qubi 1883, s. 375; Ibn 'Asakir 1996, ss. 442 ff.; McMillan 2011, s. 120.

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